Taktyki dowodowe

do gÓry

Taktyki dowodowe zależą od korelatów semantycznych: korelat dowodzonej formuły (z ewentualnymi rozwinięciami definicyjnymi) i korelat formuły wygenerowanej z dowodu są identyczne.

  • wprowadzanie koniunkcji

  α & β
  proof         :: thesis: α & β
    thus α;     :: thesis: β   ==   β & not contradiction
    thus β;     :: thesis: not contradiction
  end;

  • założenia

  α implies β
  proof         :: thesis: not (α & not β)
    assume α;   :: thesis: β   ==   β & not contradiction
    thus β;     :: thesis: not contradiction
  end;

  α or β
  proof             :: thesis: not (not α & not β)
    assume not α;   :: thesis: β   ==   β & not contradiction
    thus β;         :: thesis: not contradiction
  end;

  • nie wprost

  α
  proof             :: thesis: α
    assume not α;   :: thesis: contradiction
    thus contradiction;   :: thesis: not contradiction
  end;

  • przez przypadki

  α
  proof             :: thesis: α
    per cases by ...;   :: β1 or ... or βn
    suppose β1;   :: thesis: α
      thus α;   :: thesis: not contradiction
    end;
    ......
    suppose βn;   :: thesis: α
      thus α;   :: thesis: not contradiction
    end;
  end;

  β1 & α1 or ... or βn & αn
  proof             :: thesis: α
    per cases by ...;   :: β1 or ... or βn
    case β1;   :: thesis: α1
      thus α1;   :: thesis: not contradiction
    end;
    ......
    case βn;   :: thesis: αn
      thus αn;   :: thesis: not contradiction
    end;
  end;

  • egzystencjalne

  ex x being Θ st α(x)
  proof
     take y = τ;
     thus α(y);
  end;

  (ex x being Θ st α(x)) implies β
  proof
     given y being Θ such that α(y);
     thus β;
  end;

  • ogólne

  for x being Θ holds α(x)
  proof
     let y be Θ;
     thus α(y);
  end;

  for x being Θ st β(x) holds α(x)
  proof
     let y be Θ;
     assume β(y);
     thus α(y);
  end;

  • rozwinięcia definicyjne

  τ1,...,τn ρ τn+1,...,τk
  proof             :: thesis: τ1,...,τn ρ τn+1,...,τk
    thus Φ(τ1,...,τk);   :: thesis: not contradiction
  end;

  τ1,...,τn ρ τn+1,...,τk implies α
  proof             :: thesis: not(τ1,...,τn ρ τn+1,...,τk & not α)
    assume Φ(τ1,...,τk);   :: thesis: α
    thus α;          :: thesis: not contradiction
  end;

gdzie Φ(x1,...,xk) jest definiensem formuły x1,...,xn ρ xn+1,...,xk.

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Topic revision: r6 - 2012-01-22 - 13:30:17 - GrzegorzBancerek
 
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